Malaya and Singapore The Borneo TerritoriesPDF电子书下载

INTRODUCTION 1

1．INTRODUCTION＆L．A．Sheridan 3

Political Entities 6

Application of Laws 14

Reception of the Common Law 14

Doctrine of Precedent 24

Law Reports 27

Sources of Legislation 27

Interpretation of Legislation 34

Part One CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT 45

2．FEDERATION OF MALAYA CONSTITUTION＆L．A．Sheridan 47

Relations between the Federation and the States 49

Federal Authorities 53

Individual Liberties 55

3．THE STATES OF THE FEDERATION＆R．H．Hickling 67

Introduction 67

Constitutional History 69

The Essential Provisions 71

The State Legislative Assemblies 73

The Mentri Besar and the Chief Minister 77

The State Executive Council 78

The Ruler 78

The Public Services of the States 86

Official Language 89

The State Religion 90

State Finances 92

Amendment of the State Constitutions 95

Interpretation of the State Constitutions 96

Capacity of the States 97

Special Position of Perlis 98

Special Position of Malacca and Penang 99

The States Gazettes 100

State Nationality 101

Future Developments in the States 102

4．THE SINGAPORE CONSTITUTION＆L．A．Sheridan 103

The Legislative Assembly 104

The Executive 108

Judiciary 110

Special Position of the Malays 110

Individual Liberty 111

5．THE BORNEO TERRITORIES＆R．H．Hickling 115

Introduction 115

Constitutional Structure 119

Civil Service 127

Nationality and Citizenship 128

Legal Systems 129

Local Government 139

The Land 140

Commerce 145

Income Tax 146

Customs Duties 146

Currency and Banking 147

Industrial Property 147

Immigration 148

State Pensions 149

The Press 149

Future Developments 150

Part Two PUBLIC LAW 151

6．THE JUDICIAL SYSTEMS AND LEGAL PROFESSIONS＆L．A．Sheridan 153

System of Courts in Singapore 153

System of Courts in the Federation of Malaya 158

Appeals 164

Tribunals other than Courts of Law 168

The Legal Profession and Legal Education 170

7．CIVIL PROCEDURE AND EVIDENCE＆P．Coomaraswamy 174

Civil Procedure 174

Evidence 176

8．CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE＆H．G．Calvert 191

Degrees of Resonsibility 196

Inchoate Crimes 197

Particular Offences 198

Offences Against Property 202

Criminal Procedure 206

9．TAXATION＆T．B．Lee 208

Income Tax 208

Entertainments Duty 228

Betting and Sweepstake Duties 229

Lotteries Duty 230

Estate Duty 231

Corporations Duty 232

Stamp Duty 232

Custom Duties 233

Excise Duty 233

Miscellaneous 233

10．PUBLIC AND SOCIAL ADMINISTRATION＆L．A．Sheridan 235

Communications 235

Industry 238

Health 242

Social Welfare 242

Legal Aid and Advice 244

Statistics 249

Lócal Government 250

General 254

Part Three PRIVATE LAW 255

11．TORT＆H．G．Calvert 257

General Principles 258

Negligence 258

Occupiers＇Liability 259

12．CONTRACT＆H．G．Calvert 260

Formation of Agreement 263

Consideration 270

Intention to Create Legal Relations 276

Formalities 277

Asscertainment of the Contents of the Contract 282

Void Agreements 291

Misrepresentation，Duress and Undue Influence 309

Frustration 315

Demise of Parties 317

Novation 317

Performance 320

Breach 322

Remedies for Breach 324

Quasi-Contract 330

13．PROPERTY＆L．A．Sheridan 334

Structure of Malayan Land Law 334

Singapore，Penang and Malacca 334

Federation of Malaya Generally 342

Land Reservation 342

The Land Codes of the Malay States 346

Malay States Land Legislation Outside the Codes 351

Landlord and Tenant Throughout Malaya 351

Mortgages Throughout Malaya 353

Personal or Movable Property 354

Devolution of Property on Death 354

Equity 355

Japanese Occupation Adjustment 358

Land Utilisation and Planning 359

14．DOMESTIC RELATIONS＆B．L．Chua 364

Marriage and Divorce 364

Children 381

Property 387

15．COMMERCIAL LAW＆H．G．Calvert 395

Company Law 401

Partnership 414

Sale of Goods 426

Bankruptcy 432

Bills of Sale 434

Registration of Business Names and Businesses 435

Commercial Property 436

Carriage of Goods by Sea 437

Arbitration 437

Bills of Exchange 438

Public Control of Business 438

16．INDUSTRIAL LAW＆L．A．Sheridan 441

Master and Servant 443

Legislation for Particular Industries 445

Workmen＇s Compensation 448

Collective Bargaining，Trade Disputes，Conciliation and Arbitration 448

Cases 457

Statutes 475

Index 503